piątek, 21 marca 2014

Fwd: Phys.org Newsletter Monday, Mar 10



---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Newsletter Phys.org <not-for-reply@physorg.com>
Date: Tue, Mar 11, 2014 at 1:21 AM
Subject: Phys.org Newsletter Monday, Mar 10
To: Pascal Alter <pascal.alter@gmail.com>


Dear Pascal Alter,

Here is your customized Phys.org Newsletter for March 10, 2014:

Spotlight Stories Headlines

- Two-dimensional material shows promise for optoelectronics
- The encoding of color categories in brain
- Bioengineers invent 'light tube array,' 'bioscilloscope' to test, debug genetic circuits
- Volcanoes helped species survive ice ages, research says
- Outside the body our memories fail us
- Climatologist challenges low-end claims of Intergovernmental panel
- Scents and sustainability: Renewable sources for artificial scents and flavors
- Biomolecular tweezers facilitate study of mechanical force effects on cells and proteins
- Mongol Empire rode wave of mild climate, says study
- Diagnosing diseases in real time with smartphones
- 'Death stars' in Orion blast planets before they even form
- Scientists build thinnest-possible LEDs to be stronger, more energy efficient
- Turing's theory of chemical morphogenesis validated 60 years after his death
- Bending the light with a tiny chip
- Mapping the behavior of charges in correlated spin-orbit coupled materials

Astronomy & Space news

Image: False-color image of Earth highlights plant growth
On Aug. 3, 2004, NASA's Mercury Surface, Space Environment, Geochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) spacecraft began a seven-year journey, spiraling through the inner solar system to Mercury. One year after launch, the spacecraft zipped around Earth, getting an orbit correction from Earth's gravity and getting a chance to test its instruments by observing its home planet.

Japanese astronaut becomes International Space Station commander
Astronaut Koichi Wakata has become the first Japanese commander of the International Space Station, according to the country's space agency.

The conceptual framework for measuring the emergence of life
The story of life's origin is one of the great unsolved mysteries of science. The puzzle boils down to bridging the gap between two worlds—chemistry and biology. We know how molecules behave, and we know how cells work. But we still don't know how a soup of lifeless molecules could have given rise to the first living cells.

Hot fire check test of SpaceX first stage engines
The historic blast off of the first SpaceX rocket equipped with 'landing legs' and also carrying a private Dragon cargo vessel bound for the Space Station is now slated for March 16 following a short and "successful" hot fire check test of the first stage engines on Saturday, March 8.

Astronomers find faint strings of galaxies inside empty space
(Phys.org) —Australian astronomers have shown galaxies in the vast empty regions of the Universe are actually aligned into delicate strings in research published today in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

Alien moons could bake dry from young gas giants' hot glow
When we think of where else life might exist in the universe, we tend to focus on planets. But on a grander cosmic scale, moons could prove the more common life-friendly abode.

Rosetta's comet wakes up
(Phys.org) —It's back! After comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko had disappeared behind the Sun and out of the Earth's view last year in October, the target comet of ESA's Rosetta mission can now be seen again. In the most recent image obtained by researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS) in Germany and the European Southern Observatory (ESO) with the help of ESO's Very Large Telescope on February 28th, 2014, the comet presents itself brighter than expected for the nucleus alone. This suggests that frozen ice is already beginning to vaporize and form a very thin atmosphere. In August, the spacecraft Rosetta will rendezvous with 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko and accompany it on its journey around the Sun until at least the end of 2015.

International Space station to beam video via laser back to Earth
What's more interesting than videos of cats chasing laser beams over the kitchen floor? How about videos sent OVER laser beams from NASA's International Space Station back to Earth?

'Death stars' in Orion blast planets before they even form
(Phys.org) —The Orion Nebula is home to hundreds of young stars and even younger protostars known as proplyds. Many of these nascent systems will go on to develop planets, while others will have their planet-forming dust and gas blasted away by the fierce ultraviolet radiation emitted by massive O-type stars that lurk nearby.

Medicine & Health news

Takeda and UCL to work together to tackle muscle disorders
Japanese pharmaceutical company Takeda will work with University College London (UCL) to drive research into tackling muscle disorders, in particular muscular dystrophy.

GSK says lifts Indian pharmaceutical unit stake to 75%
GlaxoSmithKline has lifted its stake in the group's Indian subsidiary to 75 percent, the British drugmaker said on Monday.

Research aims to improve repair of rotator cuff injuries
Rotator cuff tears are among the most common orthopedic injuries suffered by adults in the United States, due to wear and tear or the effects of age. With a 94 percent failure rate for surgical repairs of large tears in older patients, it's no surprise that the injury is a major cause of pain and disability.

Combined use of oxytocin and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin in intractable pain patients
Two hormones credited with reducing pain and need for opioid analgesics when released naturally during pregnancy and childbirth worked similarly when administered simultaneously to patients with intractable pain, research shows.

Philippines seeks to end rabies deaths in two years
The Philippines plans to vaccinate seven million dogs within two years to end its status as one of the world's most rabies-prone nations, the health department said Monday.

Healthy midlife diet may prevent dementia later
Healthy dietary choices in midlife may prevent dementia in later years, according a doctoral thesis published at the University of Eastern Finland. The results showed that those who ate the healthiest diet at the average age of 50 had an almost 90 per cent lower risk of dementia in a 14-year follow-up study than those whose diet was the least healthy. The study was the first in the world to investigate the relationship between a healthy diet as early as in midlife and the risk of developing dementia later on.

No 'one size fits all' for health claims
Health claims and symbols on food products could have a positive impact on public health. But there's no clear view yet on what works best.

Survey: US uninsured rate drops; health law cited
The share of Americans without health insurance is dropping to the lowest levels since President Barack Obama took office, but sign-ups under his health care law lag among Hispanics—a big pool of potential beneficiaries.

Hip replacement surgeries put an end to patient's constant pain
William Lawrence, a 74-year-old Maywood resident, is familiar with discomfort and pain. In his youth, William enjoyed playing football and basketball. He served in the military for three years and he worked for two decades in a warehouse on concrete floors. These activities might have contributed to the pain in his knees that led to surgeries in both joints 16 years ago.

What's new in autism spectrum disorder? Harvard Review of Psychiatry presents research update
Recent years have seen exciting progress in key areas of research on autism spectrum disorders (ASD): from possible genetic causes, to effective treatments for common symptoms and clinical problems, to promoting success for young people with ASD entering college. Updates on these and other advances in ASD research are presented in the March special issue of Harvard Review of Psychiatry.

Genomic test to rule out obstructive CAD may reduce need for more invasive diagnostics
Nearly $7 billion is spent each year in the U.S. on diagnostic testing of the estimated three million people with symptoms of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). A new blood test that detects specific genes activated in individuals with obstructive CAD could exclude the diagnosis without the need for imaging studies or more invasive tests, reducing health care costs, as described in an article in Population Health Management, a peer-reviewed journal from Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers.

Child death toll in Pakistan desert community rises to 62
At least 62 children have died in a district of southern Pakistan where thousands are suffering from malnutrition, officials said Monday, as the country's top judge called the situation a national shame.

Administration drops proposed Medicare changes
The Obama administration says it's pulling the plug on proposed changes to the Medicare prescription program that ran into strong opposition on Capitol Hill.

Brazil starts HPV vaccination program
Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff on Monday said the country was rolling out a vaccination program to protect five million 11-to 13-year-old girls against the human papilloma virus (HPV), which can cause cause cervical cancer.

16 cases of mumps reported in Ohio State outbreak
Public health officials say 16 mumps cases have been confirmed in an outbreak at Ohio State University.

Targeted drug may prolong survival of patients with cervical cancer
A new clinical study has found that erlotinib, a targeted antitumor agent, has promising potential to improve treatment for cervical cancer. Published early online in CANCER, a peer-reviewed journal of the American Cancer Society, the results indicate that larger trials are warranted to determine whether the drug should become part of standard therapy for women with the disease.

IBS and bloating: When the gut microbiota gets out of balance
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) belongs to the most widespread diseases in Western countries, causing up to sixty per cent of the workload of gastrointestinal physicians. One of the most frequent symptoms of IBS is bloating, which reduces quality of life considerably as patients perceive it as particularly bothersome. For quite a long time, IBS was believed to be a primarily psychological condition.

More than just bacteria: The importance of microbial diversity in gut health and disease
The gut microbiota contains a vast number of microorganisms from all three domains of life, including bacteria, archaea and fungi, as well as viruses. These interact in a complex way to contribute towards both health and the development of disease—interactions that are only now being elucidated thanks to the application of advanced DNA sequencing technology in this field.

China bird flu deaths reach 72 this year
A total of 72 people died from the H7N9 bird flu strain in China in the first two months of this year, government figures showed, far more than in the whole of 2013.

Stay cool, stroke patients to be offered therapeutic hypothermia trial
(Medical Xpress)—The University of Nottingham is hoping to recruit 20 volunteer patients as part of a European wide study to assess the efficacy of 'therapeutic cooling' in the critical first 24 hours after a stroke. It is thought the treatment could reduce disabilities caused by acute ischaemic stroke – possibly by up to a third.

New cancer drug shows promise in first trial outside the US
(Medical Xpress)—A cancer patient from Bolton with a rare form of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma is in remission after becoming the first person outside of the US to trial a new cancer drug, Brentuximab Vedotin, led by University of Manchester Professor at The Christie Hospital in Manchester.

Conferring good oral bioavailability of tubulin-disrupting cancer drugs
Tubulin, the building-block protein of cellular microtubules, is a well-validated cancer drug target: Disrupting tubulin polymerization affects cytoskeletal function and thus cell division. The vinca alkaloids, taxanes, and other taxane site binders have found wide therapeutic application and constitute one of the most successful classes of anticancer agent. Nevertheless, current drugs that target tubulin still suffer from limited therapeutic window, acquired resistance, lack of oral bioavailability, and problematic formulation.

Video conferencing allows near and far caregivers to help loved ones
Of an estimated 65 million Americans who provide some type of care to an ill family member, about 7 million live at least an hour from the relative they're caring for.

Bone shapes links with disease, examined in new study
What dictates the shape of a person's hips and spine is being examined in a new study by University of Aberdeen scientists.

Areas of the brain process read and heard language differently
The brain processes read and heard language differently. This is the key and new finding of a study at the University Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine at the MedUni Vienna, unveiled on the eve of the European Radiology Congress in Vienna (6 to 10 March). The researchers have been able to determine the affected areas of the brain using speech processing tests with the aid of functional magnetic resonance tomography (fMRT).

Biophysicist develops nanoscale measurement approaches to understand growth properties of cancer
Jason Reed, Ph.D., is a sort of research jack-of-all-trades. He has a broad base of knowledge to pull from – an undergraduate and master's degrees in physics and a Ph.D. in physical chemistry. While in his doctoral program, he focused on genome analysis of single DNA molecules. Since then, he has focused his research on biological systems – applying imaging approaches that look at how cancer cells grow or how they respond to treatment.

Daylight saving time adds stress to the sleep-deprived, says UB sleep medicine physician
Most people are only slightly affected by the switch to daylight saving time, which goes into effect Sunday at 2:00 a.m. But for a substantial part of the population, the adjustment can be a rough period, lasting as long as a week. Daylight saving time is also correlated with increases in some accidents and the incidence of heart attacks.

Researchers identify candidate genes associated with free radicals
(Medical Xpress)—Researchers led by a University of Georgia College of Family and Consumer Sciences faculty member have identified candidate genes associated with disease-causing free radicals.

Another Cambodian boy dies of bird flu
An 11-year-old Cambodian boy has died of bird flu, a hospital official said Monday, the impoverished kingdom's third confirmed fatality—all children—from the illness this year.

Personalized treatment prolongs the life of lung cancer patients
The National Cancer Institute (INCan) has progressed from a rate of nine months of survival to 30 with personalized treatments for patients diagnosed with lung cancer in metastatic stage, i.e., when the disease has spread to different parts of the body.

Standard kidney drug treatment works better than new surgical procedure
A simple surgical procedure on the kidneys touted as a revolutionary treatment for high blood pressure turns out to be not so revolutionary after all. In a first its kind, a Norwegian clinical trial shows that established, standard drug treatment works better than the new surgical procedure, reports ScienceNordic. 

Researchers pioneer revolutionary treatment to reduce disabilities in neonatal twins
(Medical Xpress)—The number of children suffering severe disabilities after treatment for a deadly condition affecting just over 10% of all identical twin pregnancies could be dramatically reduced after University of Birmingham researchers pioneered a new treatment, in collaboration with other experts in Europe, resulting in better outcomes for babies affected.

New sugar-test to reduce false-positive cancer diagnoses
The world's most widespread test for ovarian cancer reports false-positives in 94 of 100 diagnosed cases. Now, chemists at the University of Copenhagen working with clinical researchers at University College London have developed a method able to halve the number of false-positives. When fully developed, the new test will spare a significant number of women from unnecessary worry and further testing. Furthermore, global health care providers stand to save substantial sums – just by including a test on a certain sugar molecule in tandem with the currently prevailing diagnostic test.

Researcher seeks help for those with osteoporosis
Anja Nohe calls osteoporosis "a significant disease and a silent disease," afflicting some 10 million Americans and leading to more deaths—from osteoporosis-related fractures—among women in the U.S. than breast and ovarian cancer combined. The condition weakens the bones and becomes increasingly common, especially in women, with age.

Study debunks alcohol consumption assertions 
Alcohol consumption is not a direct cause of cognitive impairment in older men later in life, a study conducted by the University of Western Australia has found.

Loss of antioxidant protein Nrf2 represses regeneration of muscle lost to aging
Good news for lifelong exercisers: Along with its salutary effects on the heart, weight, and other facets of health, physical activity also helps to regenerate muscle mass, which tends to diminish as people age.

A tricky balancing act: Antibiotics versus the gut microbiota
Antibiotics are valuable, potentially life-saving tools that have significantly reduced human morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, antibiotics may also have unintended consequences from their off-target effects that may increase the risk of many long-term conditions. Recent epidemiologic studies have detected a possible link between antibiotic use in childhood and weight gain1—with disruption to the normal gut microbiota considered the most likely cause.

PSA-testing and early treatment decreases risk of prostate cancer death
Mortality in prostate cancer is lower in areas with frequent use of PSA testing compared with areas with little testing shows a study published online today in Journal of the National Cancer Institute by researchers from Umeå University, Sweden and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.

Feeding gut microbiota: Nutrition and probiotics are key factors for digestive health
A healthy and balanced diet, as well as probiotics, have been known to be helpful in preserving gastrointestinal health for quite a long time. But it is only recently that the underlying mechanisms have become somewhat clearer. A rapidly increasing body of knowledge promises to further clarify the effects of our daily food on the gut microbiota and to indicate more targeted applications of probiotics in the near future. This was one of the topics presented at the Gut Microbiota for Health World Summit in Miami, FL, USA. On March 8-9, 2014, internationally leading experts discussed the latest advances in gut microbiota research and its impact on health.

Lower IQ in teen years increase risk of early-onset dementia
Men who at the age of 18 years have poorer cardiovascular fitness and/or a lower IQ more often suffer from dementia before the age of 60. This is shown in a recent study encompassing more than one million Swedish men.

Healthy eating may reduce the risk of preterm delivery
A diet based on fruits and vegetables, whole grain products and some types of fish seems to reduce the risk of preterm delivery. This is the conclusion of a Nordic study on 66,000 pregnant Norwegian women published in the British Medical Journal.

Phantom limb pain relieved when amputated arm is put back to work
People who lose an arm or a leg often experience phantom sensations, as if the missing limb were still there. Seventy per cent of amputees experience pain in the amputated limb despite that it no longer exists.

E-cigarettes: fresh air or smoke and mirrors?
On the edge of the SoHo neighborhood downtown, The Henley Vaporium is an intimate hipster hangout with overstuffed chairs, exposed brick, friendly counter help—but no booze.

Malnourished children are better fed when mothers have network of peers
Women in rural India who participate in a vocational training program learn more than just life skills. A recent University of Illinois study found that mothers who participated in a program designed to educate and empower women gained a network of peers that led to increased bargaining strength in the home, and significantly improved their children's consumption of rice and dairy.

Doctors often uncertain in ordering, interpreting lab tests
A survey of primary care physicians suggests they often face uncertainty in ordering and interpreting clinical laboratory tests, and would welcome better electronic clinical decision support tools.

Smokers' brains biased against negative images of smoking
What if the use of a product influenced your perception of it, making you even more susceptible to its positive aspects and altering your understanding of its drawbacks? This is precisely what happens with cigarettes in chronic smokers, according to a recent study by the Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal and Université de Montréal.

Study finds pill may represent promising treatment for stubborn blood cancers
A pill that suppresses a key regulator of cancer growth may provide hope to relapsed leukemia and lymphoma patients running out of treatment options for their aggressive, treatment-resistant disease, according to three reports* published online today in Blood, the journal of the American Society of Hematology.

'Older people denied proper access to cancer care' according to Queen's study
Older people globally are being denied proper access to cancer care, according to an editorial by Queen's University Belfast academic, Professor Mark Lawler of the Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology.

US cocaine use cut by half, while marijuana consumption jumps, study finds
A new study shows that the use of cocaine dropped by half across the United States from 2006 to 2010, while use of marijuana jumped by more than 30 percent during the period. Studying illegal drug use nationally from 2000 to 2010, researchers found heroin use was fairly stable throughout the decade.

US: Heroin an urgent 'public health crisis'
U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder on Monday called an increase in heroin-related deaths an "urgent and growing public health crisis" and said first responders should carry with them a drug that can reverse the effects of an overdose.

Spinach extract could help prevent obesity, study shows
A natural compound hidden away in spinach has been shown to reduce food cravings between meals and could help prevent obesity, a Swedish scientist said on Monday.

Mecasermin (rh-IGF-1) treatment for Rett Syndrome is safe and well-tolerated
The results from Boston Children's Hospital's Phase 1 human clinical trial in Rett syndrome came out today. A team of investigators successfully completed a Phase 1 clinical trial using mecasermin [recombinant human insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)], showing proof-of-principle that treatments like IGF-1 which are based on the neurobiology of Rett syndrome, are possible.

New prostate cancer treatment convenient, less expensive, but may be riskier
A faster and less expensive form of radiotherapy for treating prostate cancer may come at a price, according to a new study by Yale School of Medicine researchers—a higher rate of urinary complications.

Researchers identify severe genetic disease prevalent in Moroccan Jews
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU) researchers have unraveled the genetic basis of a hereditary disease that causes severe brain atrophy, mental retardation and epilepsy in Jews of Moroccan ancestry, according to a study published this week online in the Journal of Medical Genetics.

Parkinson's disease: Quickly identifying patients at risk of dementia
It may now be possible to identify the first-stage Parkinson's patients who will go on to develop dementia, according to a study conducted at the Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal by Dr. Oury Monchi, PhD, and his postdoctoral student, Dr. Alexandru Hanganu, MD, PhD, both of whom are affiliated with Université de Montréal. These findings were published in the journal Brain.

Sleep disrupted? maybe it's Daylight Saving Time
(HealthDay)—Sleep problems may surface for some after clocks were moved forward an hour Sunday morning for Daylight Saving Time because many people have difficulty changing their body clocks, a sleep expert says.

When smartphone is near, parenting may falter
(HealthDay)—Mealtime is supposed to be family time, but a new study suggests that ever-present smartphones are impeding parent-child communication at the table.

September peak month for kids' asthma flares, study finds
(HealthDay)— Many parents know that allergies are seasonal, but fewer may realize that the same is true of asthma: A new study suggests the riskiest time for children with asthma is September, as they head back to school.

Young binge drinkers may not need special counseling from family docs
(HealthDay)—Special counseling from family doctors had no effect on young people's binge drinking or marijuana use, new research suggests.

Outcomes improving for kids with kidney transplants
(HealthDay)—U.S. children in need of a kidney transplant are faring better now than a couple of decades ago, but there is still plenty of room for improvement, a new study finds.

Parental death increases odds of lower grades, school failure
(HealthDay)—Children who experience parental death are more likely to have lower grades and school failure, according to a study published online March 10 in Pediatrics.

More evidence that bullying raises kids' suicide risk
(HealthDay)—Children and teens involved in bullying—victims and perpetrators alike—are more likely to think about suicide or attempt it. And cyber bullying appears more strongly linked to suicidal thoughts than other forms of bullying, a new research review finds.

Nocturnal respiratory rate predicts cardiac risk after MI
(HealthDay)—Among survivors of acute myocardial infarction (MI), nocturnal respiratory rate (NRR) is significantly associated with cardiac mortality, particularly non-sudden cardiac death, according to research published online March 5 in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

Spring break drunkeness a dangerous tradition
(HealthDay)—College students who consider heavy drinking a harmless spring break tradition might need to think again.

Elderly diabetes patients on insulin most vulnerable to low-blood-sugar trouble
(HealthDay)—A new look at diabetes patients in the United States who use insulin and wind up in the emergency room with low blood sugar shows the dangerous scenario is more than twice as likely to happen to those over 80 years old.

Claim that raw milk reduces lactose intolerance doesn't pass smell test, study finds
Some sour news for lactose-intolerant people who hoped that raw milk might prove easier to stomach than pasteurized milk: A pilot study from the Stanford University School of Medicine shows little difference in digestibility between the two.

Study identifies new drug target for chronic, touch-evoked pain
(Medical Xpress)—Researchers at the School of Medicine have identified a subset of nerve cells that mediates a form of chronic, touch-evoked pain called tactile allodynia, a condition that is resistant to conventional pain medication.

Researchers increase, decrease pain sensitivity using light
(Medical Xpress)—The mice in Scott Delp's lab, unlike their human counterparts, can get pain relief from the glow of a yellow light.

Self-acceptance could be the key to a happier life
Happiness is more than just a feeling; it is something we can all practise on a daily basis. But people are better at some 'happy habits' than others. In fact, the one habit that corresponds most closely with us being satisfied with our lives overall – self-acceptance – is often the one we practise least.

Neuroscientists discover way to increase product value without making changes to it
(Medical Xpress)—A team of researchers working at the University of Texas has discovered a way to cause the perceived value of a product to rise, without changing the product itself: add a button that makes noise. In their paper published in the journal Nature Neuroscience, the team describes experiments they conducted with various volunteers which together suggested that adding a button along with a noise, caused participants to value those associated products more highly.

A signal to spread: Scientists identify potent driver of metastasis
An international team of researchers led by scientists at The Wistar Institute have discovered and defined LIMD2, a protein that can drive metastasis, the process where tumors spread throughout the body.

Several FDA-approved anti-cancer drugs induce stem cell tumors, perhaps thwarting therapy
Using a new approach to systematically test chemotherapy drugs in an unusual animal model, a research team led by University of Massachusetts Amherst molecular biologist Michele Markstein, with Norbert Perrimon at Harvard Medical School, report that several have a serious side effect: Inducing hyper proliferation in stem cells that could lead to tumor recurrence.

Bread, cereal drive UK children's high salt diet
Children in London eat an unhealthy amount of salt on a daily basis—with much of it coming from breads and cereals, according to new research in the American Heart Association journal Hypertension.

Unique individual demonstrates desired immune response to HIV virus
One person's unique ability to fight HIV has provided key insights into an immune response that researchers now hope to trigger with a vaccine, according to findings reported by a team that includes Duke Medicine scientists.

UV light aids cancer cells that creep along the outside of blood vessels
A new study by UCLA scientists and colleagues adds further proof to earlier findings by Dr. Claire Lugassy and Dr. Raymond Barnhill of UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center that deadly melanoma cells can spread through the body by creeping like tiny spiders along the outside of blood vessels without ever entering the bloodstream.

The encoding of color categories in brain
(Medical Xpress) —The spectrum of visible light, like that of audible sound, spans a range of frequencies that is easy to define. There is both a minimum, and a maximum, that we can perceive. Our perception of color, while continuous, naturally partitions itself into categories that defy any sense of orderly progression, almost as if they are some kind of strange smells. Indeed if we combine the blue from the top end of the spectrum, with red from the bottom, we get a purple that proudly asserts its own uniqueness and right to be. A recent paper published in PNAS describes the use of MRI to probe the categorical representation of color in the brain. The authors conclude that the the spectral distances—how far apart different hues are from one another—are encoded in different areas then color catagories themselves.

Outside the body our memories fail us
New research from Karolinska Institutet and Umeå University demonstrates for the first time that there is a close relationship between body perception and the ability to remember. For us to be able to store new memories from our lives, we need to feel that we are in our own body. According to researchers, the results could be of major importance in understanding the memory problems that psychiatric patients often exhibit.


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